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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an essential material used in solar cell technology. Particularly important for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), TiO2 is used as a photoelectrode. It works by absorbing sunlight and transforming it into electrical energy through a series of electron exchanges. Titanium dioxide's effectiveness lies in its excellent optical and electronic properties, its strong photocatalytic capabilities, and its exceptional stability. Despite these advantages, the main challenge lies in the low naturally occurring charge mobility of TiO2, which scientists are looking at improving to increase solar cell efficiency.
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